4/13/22, 4:53 PM TCP/IP Protocol
https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/cca/2218-cca625/learning-resource-list/tcp-ip-protocol.html?ou=736406 1/2
TCP/IP Protocol
The TCP/IP Protocol is a dual-layer communication model that facilitates communication
over the internet. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) directs the packaging, transmission,
and reception of data while the Internet Protocol (IP) controls the address or location
where the communication is sent.
Due to its extreme flexibility and scalability, TCP/IP is the main protocol of the internet
and local area networks. It is a layered protocol, which means layers are stacked on top of
each other.
TCP/IP Internet Protocol Suite
Layer 1 – Network Interface Layer
Deals with all physical components of network connectivity between the network and the
IP protocol
Protocols: Ethernet, Token Ring, Frame Relay, ATM
Layer 2 – Internet Layer
Contains all the functionality that manages the movement of data between two network
devices over a routed network
Protocols: IP, IGMP, ICMP, ARP
Layer 3 – Transfer Layer
Manages the flow of traffic between two hosts or devices, ensuring that data arrives at
the application on the host for which it is targeted
Protocols: TCP, UDP
Layer 4 – Application Layer
Learning Resource
4/13/22, 4:53 PM TCP/IP Protocol
https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/cca/2218-cca625/learning-resource-list/tcp-ip-protocol.html?ou=736406 2/2
Acts as the final endpoints at either end of a communication session between two
network hosts
Protocols: Telnet, FTP, SMTP, DNS, RIP, SNMP
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