4/13/22, 4:53 PM TCP/IP Protocol

https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/cca/2218-cca625/learning-resource-list/tcp-ip-protocol.html?ou=736406 1/2

TCP/IP Protocol

The TCP/IP Protocol is a dual-layer communication model that facilitates communication

over the internet. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) directs the packaging, transmission,

and reception of data while the Internet Protocol (IP) controls the address or location

where the communication is sent.

Due to its extreme flexibility and scalability, TCP/IP is the main protocol of the internet

and local area networks. It is a layered protocol, which means layers are stacked on top of

each other.

TCP/IP Internet Protocol Suite

Layer 1 – Network Interface Layer

Deals with all physical components of network connectivity between the network and the

IP protocol

Protocols: Ethernet, Token Ring, Frame Relay, ATM

Layer 2 – Internet Layer

Contains all the functionality that manages the movement of data between two network

devices over a routed network

Protocols: IP, IGMP, ICMP, ARP

Layer 3 – Transfer Layer

Manages the flow of traffic between two hosts or devices, ensuring that data arrives at

the application on the host for which it is targeted

Protocols: TCP, UDP

Layer 4 – Application Layer

Learning Resource

4/13/22, 4:53 PM TCP/IP Protocol

https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/cca/2218-cca625/learning-resource-list/tcp-ip-protocol.html?ou=736406 2/2

Acts as the final endpoints at either end of a communication session between two

network hosts

Protocols: Telnet, FTP, SMTP, DNS, RIP, SNMP

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